How Does A Helicopter Fly
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What Is a Helicopter?
A helicopter is a
type of aircraft that uses rotating, or spinning, wings called blades to fly.
Unlike an airplane or glider, a helicopter has wings that move. Unlike a balloon,
a helicopter is heavier than air and uses an engine to fly. A helicopter's
rotating blades, or a rotor, allow it to do things an airplane cannot.
How Does A Helicopter Work?
In order to fly, an
object must have "lift," a force moving it upward. Lift is usually
made by wings. Wings create lift because of a relationship called the Bernoulli
Principle. The Bernoulli Principle describes how the speed of air and the
pressure in the air are related. When the speed goes up, the pressure goes down
and the opposite is also true.
Wings are curved on
top and flatter on the bottom. This shape is called an airfoil. That shape
makes air flow over the top faster than under the bottom. As a result, there is
less air pressure on top of the wing; this causes suction and makes the wing
move up. A helicopter's rotor blades are wings and create lift. An airplane
must fly fast to move enough air over its wings to provide lift. A helicopter
moves air over its rotor by spinning its blades.
What Can A Helicopter Do?
A helicopter's rotors
allow it to do things an airplane cannot. Unlike an airplane, a helicopter does
not have to move quickly through the air to have lift. That fact means it can
move straight up or down. Most airplanes cannot do this. A helicopter can take
off or land without a runway. It can turn in the air in ways airplanes cannot.
Unlike an airplane, a helicopter can fly backwards or sideways. It also can
hover in one spot in the air without moving. This makes helicopters ideal for
things an airplane cannot do. For example, a helicopter can pick someone with a
medical problem up where there is no runway. It can then land in a small area
on top of a hospital.
What Are Uses of Helicopters?
Helicopters can be
used for many things. They can be used as flying ambulances to carry patients.
They can be loaded with water to fight large fires. Military forces use
helicopters to attack targets on the ground and move troops. Helicopters are
used to get supplies to ships. Helicopters can be used to transport large objects
from place to place. Helicopters can rescue people in hard-to-reach places like
mountains or in rough seas. Television and radio stations use helicopters to
fly over cities and report on traffic. Helicopters are used by police and by
people on vacation. These uses are just some of the many things that can be
done with helicopters.
How does
helicopter flight work?
Helicopters take advantage of
their unique rotating wings (blades) and through a combination of rotors (blade
sets) generate lift in a way that gives them more maneuverability, e.g.
hovering. Drag Force. As a result the fuselage tends to rotate in the opposite
direction of its main rotor spin.
What pushes
a helicopter forward?
The helicopter main rotor
generates a vertical force in opposition to the helicopter's weight and a
horizontal propulsive force for forward flight. Also, the main and tail rotors
generate the forces and moments to control the attitude and position of the
helicopter in three-dimensional space.
How do
helicopters stay still in the air?
A helicopter remains
stationary by balancing the external forces. There are no
horizontal forces, as the helicopter is not moving left or right, so there is
no drag or horizontal thrust. The blades generate a vertical lift, and when
this is exactly balanced with the force of gravity, the helicopter remains
stationary.
Can helicopters fly in reverse?
A helicopter can take
off or land without a runway. It can turn in the air in ways airplanes cannot.
Unlike an airplane, a helicopter can fly backwards or sideways