An aircraft carrier is not a mere big vessel equipped to engage in warfare.
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These new ‘battleships’ have been one of the most significant assets to the warfare merchandise of all nations.
These giant aircraft carriers are known as floating air bases equipped with a full-length flight deck capable of carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Acting as the capital ship of a naval fleet on a waterfront, these vessels can carry numerous aircraft, including fighters, strike aircraft and helicopters laden with efficient weapon systems, etc.
Currently, most world powers are operating or building technologically advanced aircraft carriers to safeguard their maritime rights and interests. There are a total of 41 active aircraft carriers in operation by thirteen navies across the world.
While the US Navy has the most number of -eleven -aircraft carriers in service,
The Nimitz Class aircraft carrier continues to be the centerpiece of the forces necessary for operating forward. In times of crisis, the first question leaders ask in a crisis is: “Where are the carriers?”
Often the presence of an aircraft carrier has deterred potential adversaries from striking against U.S. interests. Aircraft Carriers support and operate aircraft that engage in attacks on airborne, afloat and ashore targets that threaten free use of the sea; and engage in sustained power projection operations in support U.S. and coalition forces.
The aircraft carrier and its strike group also engage in maritime security operations to interdict threats to merchant shipping and prevent the use of the seas for terrorism and piracy. Aircraft carriers also provide unique capabilities for disaster response and humanitarian assistance. The embarked carrier air wing provides helicopters for direct support and C4I assets to support them and ensure aid is routed quickly and safely.
The 10 nuclear powered Nimitz class aircraft carriers are the largest warships in the world, each designed for an approximately 50 year service life with one mid-life refueling. USS NIMITZ (CVN 68), USS DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER (CVN 69), USS CARL VINSON (CVN 70), and USS THEODORE ROOSEVELT (CVN 71) have all completed their Refueling Complex Overhauls (RCOH) at Newport News, Va., with USS ABRAHAM LINCOLN (CVN 72) having commenced RCOH in 2013.
The next generation of aircraft carrier, the Gerald R. Ford class (CVN 78) was ordered in 2008 and is slated to be delivered in 2016 as the force structure replacement for USS ENTERPRISE (EX-CVN 65) which inactivated in 2012.
Based on the capabilities to support the launch and recovery of fixed-wing assets, aircraft carriers can be categorized into three groups:
The CATOBAR (Catapulted Assisted Taken Off Barrier Arrested Recovery),
which includes the US Navy super-carriers of the Nimitz and Ford classes and the French carrier Charles de Gaulle. These units, equipped with nuclear propulsion and a flat-deck with a catapult launching system, ensure exceptional autonomy and represent fully-capable floating military airbases that can be deployed for long periods at great distances from their motherland. The US Navy operates with F-18 E/F and F-35C multi-role fighters on their super-carriers, plus a combination of EA-18G Airborne Electronic Attack (AEA), E-2D Airborne Early Warning (AEW) and C-2A transport aircraft. The deployable French Navy consists of the Dassault Rafale M multi-role fighter and the E-2C for AEW.
The STOBAR aircraft carriers (Short Take-Off Barrier Arrested Recovery),
utilize conventional propulsion and were all launched from Ukrainian shipyards of the former Soviet Navy. They are currently in service within the Russian Navy (Admiral Kuznetsov) operating Sukhoi Su-33 and MiG29K, the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Navy (Liaoning) flying the Shenyang J-15, and the Indian Navy (INS Vikramaditya) flying the MiG29K.
The STOVL carriers (Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing),
can base their air components on specific aircrafts with STOVL capabilities such as the AV-8B Plus, and more recently the F-35B. These ‘light’ aircraft carriers, or amphibious ‘through-deck’ units capable to support fixed-wing assets operations, are equipped with conventional propulsion and are in use in major NATO Navies, namely the Royal UK Navy (HMS Queen Elizabeth), the Italian Navy (ITS Cavour, ITS Garibaldi), the Spanish Navy (SPS Juan Carlos I), along with the US Marine Corps’ Landing Helicopter Dock (LHD) Wasp and Landing Helicopter Assault (LHA) America Class units.
This is an Aerospace engineering concerned with the development of aircraft and spacecraft, focused on designing aeroplane and space shutlle and it is a study of all the flying wing used within the earth's atmosphere. Also dealing with the Avionic systems that includes communications, navigation, the display and management of multiple systems. Also dealing with Aircraft mishap such as Accident and Serious Incident.
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